بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت شهروندان در احیای بافت‌های فرسوده‌ی شهری (نمونه موردی: محله مالکی شهر نورآباد ممسنی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

بافت‌های فرسوده مناطق روبه‌زوال رفته‌ای هستند که به علت دارا بودن مشکلاتی در ابعاد اجتماعی-فرهنگی، کالبدی-زیست‌محیطی، اقتصادی و مدیریتی، توان پاسخگویی به نیازهای شهروندان خود را ندارند. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر میزان مشارکت شهروندان و در پی آن ارائه‌ی راهکارهایی جهت افزایش مشارکت مردمی در فرآیند احیای بافت‌های فرسوده‌ی شهری می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی و روش آن پیمایشی با رویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی و همبستگی است. گردآوری اطلاعات به دو روش کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی صورت پذیرفت. جامعه‌ی آماری شامل 1215نفر سرپرستان خانوار در محله‌ی مالکی شهر نورآباد ممسنی می‌باشد که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 291 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شد و پرسشنامه‌ی محقق ساخته به‌صورت تصادفی ساده میان آن‌ها توزیع گردید. روش‌های آماری مورداستفاده برای تحلیل داده‌ها مشتمل بر؛ نشانه، تی تک‌نمونه‌ای، تاو‌بی‌کندال و رگرسیون لجستیک‌ترتیبی است. نتایج آزمون نشانه، 95/10- می‌باشد که بیانگر عدم مشارکت مؤثر ساکنین این محله درروند احیای محل سکونت خویش است. نتایج آزمون تی حاکی از آن است که ابعاد کالبدی، اجتماعی فرهنگی، اقتصادی و مدیریتی به ترتیب با میانگین 12/4، 60/4، 81/3 و 22/4 از عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت شهروندان می‌باشند، همچنین با کمک آزمون تاو بی کندال دریافتیم بین هر چهار بعد و میزان مشارکت رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. درنهایت نتایج آزمون رگرسیون لجستیک ترتیبی بیانگر این است که هر چهار بعد متغیر مستقل، قادر به ‌پیش‌بینی میزان مشارکت شهروندان (متغیر وابسته) می‌باشند، که بعد اجتماعی-فرهنگی با 85/54 درصد دارای بیشترین تأثیر است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Effective Factors on Citizen participations in reviving the Urban Worn-out Textures (Case study: Maliki neighborhood of Noorabad Mamasani city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • seyedeh Aida hosseini 1
  • ardalan aflaki 2
1 Urban Planning, Apadana Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Art, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Worn-out textures could not respond to the citizen’s needs due to such challenges in socio-cultural, physical-ecological and economical-managerial aspects. According to the development of the proven worn-out textures, the government are not able to take over and rehabilitate such structures separately. In case of following the past procedures, worn-out texture with massive destructive effects could impact on different aspects of cities immediately. As a remedy, effective tools like citizen participation should be taken into account for organizing these unplanned areas in cities. The study aim is to investigate the factors affecting the level of citizen participation and to provide remedies for increase of public participation in the process of urban worn-out textures rehabilitation consequently. The research objective is an applied study and it established mensuration method with focus on analytical-descriptive and co-relation analysis. Also, it carried out library study and field survey for data collection. Using Cochran's formula, 291 people were selected as the sample size. The outcomes from the Sign test were -10.95, which indicated the lack of effective participation of the residents. The results of T-test indicated physical, socio-cultural, economical and managerial dimensions with an average of 4.12, 4.60, 3.81 and 4.22, respectively, were effective factors on citizen participation. Furthermore, the results of Kendall's tau-b test showed that there were a positive and significant relationship between all four dimensions and the level of participations. Finally, the results of the Ordinal logistic regression test approved that all four dimensions of the independent variable were able to predict the level of citizen participation whereas the socio-cultural dimension had the greatest impact with 54.85%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • People's participation
  • Collaborative Planning
  • Urban revival
  • Worn-out texture
  • Noorabad mamasani

مراجع

  1. Abdi, M. A., Medizadegan, S., & Jalvandi, M. (2012). An overview of the experiences of some countries in improving and renovating urban textures. Tehran, Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center Press. [In Persian].
  2. Abdidaneshpour, Z. (2015). An introduction to planning theories with a special emphasis on urban planning (Third edition). Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University Press. [In Persian].
  3. Adewale, B. A., Ibem, E. O., Amole, S. A., & Adeboye, A. B. (2020). Place attachment in Nigerian urban slums: Evidence from inner-city Ibadan. Cities, 107 (102902).
  4. Ahmadi, M., Andalib. A., Majedi, H., & Sayeedeh zarabadi, Z. (2019). An analysis of the position of social capital in recreating the dilapidated historical fabric of Imamzadeh Yahya neighborhood using structural equations. Urban Planning Knowledge, 3 (2), 49-63. [In Persian].
  5. Alpopi, C & Manole, c.(2013), Integrated urban Regeneration- solution for Cities Revitalize. Prcedia Economics and Finance, 6: 178-185.
  6. Andalib, A. (2008). Worn Tissue Renovation Offices: The process of renovating worn tissues in Tehran, Volume Four. Tehran, Statistics and Information Organization of Computer Services press. [In Persian].
  7. Andalib, A. (2013). Principles of Urban Renovation: A New Approach to Worn Textures (second edition). Tehran, Azarakhsh Press. [In Persian].
  8. Andalib, A., & Ebrahimi, M. R. (2018). Applications of the conceptual model of balanced renovation of worn-out urban structures. Garden Comment, 15 (24), 67-82. [In Persian].
  9. Andersen, A. D., & Andersen, P. D. (2012 ). Innovation system foresight. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 22 .
  10. Asadian, F., & Sayahi, Z. (2011). The Role of Public Participation Model in Improving and Renovating Worn Urban Weaves Using Geographic Information System, Case Study: Ameri Neighborhood, Ahvaz. Geographical arrangement of the environment, 12, 139-163. [In Persian].
  11. Azhdari, D., & Haghighatnayeni, GH. (2018). Development Management Planning Using Land Reclamation Method in Renovation of Worn Tissue (Case Study: Abivardi-Shiraz Neighborhood). research and Urban planning, 9 (32), 115-130. [In Persian].
  12. Balaban, O., & Puppim de Oliveira, J. A. (2014 ). Understanding the links between urban regeneration and climate-friendly urban development: lessons from two case studies in Japan Local Environment, 19 (2): 262-291.
  13. N, Mike Crang, Mona Domoah (2009), International Encyclopedya of Human.
  14. Chado Jiman, Joharo Foziah Bte,(2015), Public Participation Efficiency in Traditional Cities of Developing Countries: A Perspective of Urban Development in Bida, Nigeria, 3rd Global Conference on Business and Social Science, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  15. Coach, C. C. Fraser, S. Percy. (2003): Urban Regeneration in Europe, Blackwell Science LTD, London.
  16. Conrad, E. Cassar, L. F. Christie, M. & Fazey, I. (2011), Hearing but not Listening? A participatory assessment of public participation in planning. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 29: 761-782.
  17. Darabi, H. (2009). Encyclopedia of Urban and Rural Management. Tehran, Organization of Municipalities and Rural Affairs Press. [In Persian].
  18. Davoudpur, Z., & Niknia, M. (2011). Improvement and renovation of worn-out urban texture Strategic towards achieving the physical dimensions of sustainable urban development (Case study: Worn-out texture of Sajjadieh alley). Environmental planning, 4 (15), 31-59. [In Persian].
  19. Development plan. (2008). Fars Province Housing and Urban Development Organization, Noorabad Mamasani (Third edition). [In Persian].
  20. Doe, B., Peprah, C., & Chidziwisano, J. R. (2020). Sustainability of slum upgrading interventions: Perception of low-income households in Malawi and Ghana. Cities, 107 (102946).
  21. Edvinchan , gracek K.L.Lee ( 2008 ), critical factors for improving sustainabilits of urban renewal projects . Social Indicators. Research, 85 (2): 243-256.
  22. Falamaki, M. M. (2018). Reconstruction of historic buildings and cities (Thirteenth edition). Tehran, University of Tehran Press. [In Persian].
  23. Faraji, A., Mirey, M., & Shareghi, K. (2017). Investigating the policies of urban worn-out texture renovation (Case study: Karaj city). Geographical Research in Urban Planning, 5 (1), 53-70. [In Persian].
  24. Farajpour, M., Dodangi, A., & Soltanzadeh, H. (2015). Rehabilitation and organization of worn-out urban fabric in order to empower citizen women (Case study: Tehran Municipality). Urban Management, 14 (39), 109-134. [In Persian].
  25. Ghadrjani, R., & Gheytarani, N. (2012). Investigating the methods of promoting public participation in the improvement and renovation of dilapidated houses (Case study: Golan neighborhood of Hamadan). Seven fences, 1 (2), 75-83. [In Persian].
  26. Ghafari, GH., & eeyazi, S. M. H. (2013). Urban management and social participation. Tehran, Tisa Press. [In Persian].
  27. Green Leigh, Nancey; L.Ross, Catherine (2000), “Planning, Urban Revitalization and the Inner City: An Exploration of Structural Racism”, Journal of Planning Literature, 14 (3).
  28. Habibi, S. M., & Maghsoudi, M. (2020). Urban restoration: definitions, theories, experiences, global charters and resolutions, urban methods and practices (tenth edition). Tehran, University of Tehran Press. [In Persian].
  29. Habibi, S. M., & Saeidirezvani,H. (2005). Participatory urban planning, exploration in Iran. beautiful arts, 24, 15-24. [In Persian].
  30. Habitat (1996), Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat ll), Istanbul, Torkey.
  31. Hashemzadeh ghalehjough, F., Ebizade, S., & Alizade, E. S. (2020). Identify and prioritize the most important factors in advancing urban management programs In the field of worn tissue (Case study: Mako city). research and Urban planning, 11 (40), 137-154. [In Persian].
  32. Hataminezhad, H., Pourahmad, A., & Nosratiheshi, M. (2017). Futurology in Urban Dilapidated Textures, Case Study: District One, District 9 of Tehran. geographical information, 28 (109), 38-55. [In Persian].
  33. Hosseini, S. A. (2001). Methods of citizen participation in urban development projects, a case study of Rasht. PhD Thesis in Geography and Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. [In Persian].
  34. Hosseini, S. A. (2019). The Role of Building Facades in the Identity and Visual Appearance of the City (Case Study: Hazrati St., Shiraz). Sixth National Conference on New Technologies in Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Planning. [In Persian].
  35. Hosseini, S. A., Aflaki, A., & Shamsoddini, A. (2020). A Comparative Analysis of the Process of People’s Participation in Urban Planning to Present Challenges and Obstacles of Modern Planning in Iran. Approach, 30 (80), 83-100. [In Persian].
  36. Hosseini, S. J. (2008). Sustainable public participation in the renovation and reconstruction of dilapidated urban structures. Mashhad, Sokhan Gostar Press. [In Persian].
  37. Jahedghadami, M., & Zeynalzadeh, S. (2015). Explaining and prioritizing the effective dimensions for the realization of participatory renovation in the dilapidated urban context, a case study of Shahid Khobakht neighborhood of Tehran. Garden Comment, 13 (43), 61-76. [In Persian].
  38. Kalantari, A., & Mahmoudabadi, Z. (2017). Citizens' participation in city administration: A review of some experiences in Iran and the world. Mashhad, Scent of Heaven City Press. [In Persian].
  39. Linch, K. (2019). City View (Thirteenth edition). Translated by Mazini, M. Tehran, University of Tehran Press. [In Persian].
  40. Madbouly, Mostafa (2009), Revisiting urban pelannig in the Middle east NORTH Africa Region, Global Report on Human Settlements 2009.
  41. Magruk, A. (2012), Innovative lassification of technology foresight methods. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, (4), 700-715.
  42. Mahjabeen, Z. Shrestha, K.K, & Dee, J.A (2008), Rethinking community Metropolitan in urban planing: the role of Disadvantaged Groups in Sydney Metropolitan Strategy, Proceedding of 32 nd ANZRSAI Conference, Nov-Dec, 167-185.
  43. Marrison, Nicky & Xian, Simon.(2016), High mountains and faraway emperor: Oversoming barriers to citizen participation in Chinas urban regeneration through public arts, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 57, 205-214
  44. Martínez, L. (2021). Health differences in an unequal city. Cities, 108.
  45. Molaey, A., Daryabari, S. J., & Bakhshandenosrat, A. (2018). Performance of participatory management in planning for the development of Tehran. New Attitudes in Human Geography, 10 (3), 250-264. [In Persian].
  46. Mosayyebzadeh, A., & Ghasemi, N. (2019). Principles and methods of organizing worn tissue. Tehran, Speakers Press. [In Persian].
  47. Movahed, A., Firouzi, M., Zarei, R., & Zafari, M. (2013). The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Participating in the Reconstruction of Worn Tissues, Case Study, Central Worn Tissue of Ahvaz. Iranian Geographical Association, 11 (36), 79-97. [In Persian].
  48. Nasr, T. (2017). Investigating the evaluation of Iranian urban worn-out renovation measures in comparison with global renovation experiences (in line with the goals of sustainable development). Regional Planning, 7 (27), 181-198. [In Persian].
  49. Nazmfar, H., & Atar. M. A. (2014). The Role of Social Capital on Total Participation of Residents in Renovation of Dilapidated Urban Tissue, Case Study, Dilapidated Tissue of Ardabil. Geography and regional urban planning, 4 (12), 51-61. [In Persian].
  50. Othengrafen, F. (2014), The Concept of Planning Culture, Analysing How Planners Construct Practical Judgements in a Culturised Context . International Journal of E-Planning Research , 3 (2), 1-17.
  51. Othengrafen, F. Reimer, M. (2013), Embeddedness of Planning in Cultural Contexts: Theoretical Foundations for the Analysis of Dynamic Planning Cultures. Environmental and planning A, 45, 1269-1284.
  52. Othengrafen, F.(2012), Uncovering the Unconscious Dimentions of Planning: Using Culture as a Tool to Analysis Spatial Planning Practices. USA: Ashgate.
  53. Ozlem, G. (2009) "Urban Regeneration and Increased Competitive PowerAnkara in an Era of Globalization", Cities, 26 (1), 27-37.
  54. Pares, M., Bonet-Martí, J., & Martí-Costa, M. (2012 ). Does participation really matter in urban regeneration policies? Exploring governance networks in Catalonia (Spain). Urban Affairs Review, 42 (2), 221-252.
  55. Paym, N. (1985): Urban Geography, John Wiley and Sons, U.S.A.
  56. Pourahmad, A., Najafi, E., Abasifalah, V., & Heydari, A. (2019). Prioritizing the effect of social capital components on residents' participation in the renovation of worn-out urban structures (Murray study: District 3, District 10 of Tehran). Urban structure and function studies, 6 (20),51-73. [In Persian].
  57. Pourzargar, M. (2015). Regeneration and regeneration of worn tissues with the approach of maintaining housing identity. Garden Comment, 12 (37), 41-52. [In Persian].
  58. Rahnama, M. R. (2009). Planning of central areas of cities (principles, principles, theories, experiences and techniques). Mashhad, Ferdowsi University Press. [In Persian].
  59. Rajabi, A. (2011). Methods of citizen participation in urban development processes. light, 4 (12), 101-116.
  60. Resolution of the Supreme Urban Planning Council of Iran. (2014).
  61. Safari, M., Mohamadi, M., Sabani, A. H., & Fatayi, Z. (2020). Structural approach in the analysis of sustainable regeneration indices of dysfunctional middle urban tissues (Case study: Rasht). Urban planning knowledge, 5 (3), 111-127. [In Persian].
  62. Shafieydastjerdi, M. (2013). Renovation of worn tissues and the need to change attitudes in the preparation and implementation of comprehensive and detailed plans, a case study of Isfahan, Garden Comment, 10 (24), 91-104. [In Persian].
  63. Shamaey, A., & Pourahmad, A. (2013). Urban improvement and renovation from the perspective of geography (Fifth Edition). Tehran, University of Tehran Press. [In Persian].
  64. Shamsoddini, A., & Amirifahlyani, M. R. (2015). Investigating the Factors Affecting Rural Land Use Management in Mamasani County Using TOPSIS-SWOT Combined Model. Regional Planning, 5 (19), 85-100. [In Persian].
  65. Slaughter, R. (2014), Future: All That Matters, Z.Sardar. Hodder and Stoughton, London, Futures,63, 158-159.
  66. Statistical Center of Iran. (2016). General population and housing census of Mamasani city.
  67. Wanarat and Nuanw (2013), Using 3D Visualisation to Improve Public Participation in Sustainable Planning Process: Experiences through the Creation of Koh Mudsum Plan, Thailand. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91, 679-690.
  68. Wang , Xiao Hu & Wan Wart, Mont Gomery (2007), '' When Public Participation'', Public Administration Review, 265-278.
  69. Wong, L. K. S., & Yu, P. H. F. (2015), Urban renewal and social sustainability: An exploratory study of the urban life of Wan Chai. SpringerPlus, 4 (2).
  70. Yetano, A. Royo, S. & Acerete, B. (2010), What is Driving the increasing Presence of Citizen Participation Initiatives? Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy , 28, 783-802.
  71. Zangiabadi, A., & Akbarimaham, A. (2010). Management of worn urban structures in Iran. Second Urban Planning and Management Conference. [In Persian].
  72. Zivyar, P., Azimi, A., & Farajimalaey, A. (2014). Planning and managing the improvement and renovation of worn-out urban structures. Rey, Islamic Azad University Yadegar Imam Branch Press. [In Persian].
  73.  
فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
دوره 14، شماره 53
مرداد 1402
صفحه 169-186

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 تیر 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 شهریور 1400

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار