Reduced Consequences of Planning in a Detailed Plan Map in Shiraz

Document Type : .

Authors

• SAJJAD AHMADI ¹
• ali movahhed ²
• ali shamai ²

¹ PhD Student of Geography & Urban Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor of Geography & Urban Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Abstract
           in This Study, Space is Not Understood as a Neutral and Unaltered Container, Rather It Is Considered as an Informative Content for Human Beings. In Other Words, Time In A Space-Bound Framework Is Fixed, And Understanding The Existence of A Social Space Requires A Historical Awareness And Knowing The Man. The Purpose of This Study is To Decode the Mechanisms affecting The Production of Classy and Disordered Urban Form, The Subjective Function of Consumerism and The Rupture in The Structure of Social Interaction in Shiraz. Flows that are Not Easily Understood and Require Careful Thought - Based Scrutiny. The experience of space is not separate from the text, but implies the theoretical realm and indeed the relation between the quality of idealism and the quality of life. Every kind of absolute, abstract, math, social, and so on definition of space follows its own methodology. According to the social production of space, the type of research is qualitative and based on the triple dialectic; Perceived Space (Shiraz's economy and market), Conceived space (The laws and structures governing the city), and living space )Shiraz people's will and creativity). this Research Ontology at Examining the Existence of a Social Space Based on the Interconnectedness of Action, History and Time. The conclusions of the present research shows the complete absence of planning to the Shiraz city and it is reduced to map. Moreover the domination of technocrats rather than civil society, reduce social interaction and meditation, lack of tax structure, rental of detailed plan coding, inability to use equitable distribution services and class gaps are from fundamental characteristics of shiraz. Ultimately, the consolidation of map planning in SHIRAZ is the consolidation of poverty traps. According to, UP to 2017 more than 45 percent of 477916 Households in Shiraz, lived in Tenant Houses. Those that were hit by inflation of 100 percent Increase in housing prices in 2019 and their hopes of becoming a homeowner were lost.
 
Key words: Detailed plan and rent, Tenant and Crime, poverty.
 
 
Extended Abstract     
Introduction:
         The Essence of This Cosmos, Which Human And His Thoughts Belong To It, Has Features That Can Be Described In Three Notions: Energy, Space and Time. ‘There is no way in which we can understand what is happening to the world, to our societies, to our environments, to the seas, to the air around the entire planet, and so on, if we do not look at three related factors: the unprecedented concentration of humans in cities, the growth of the human population, and the increase in certain forms of consumption’ (Mendieta, 2001; 10). Therefore, in This Study, Space is Not Understood as a Neutral and Unaltered Container, Rather It Is Considered as an Informative Content for Human Beings. In Other Words, Time In A Space-Bound Framework Is Fixed, And Understanding The Existence of A Social Space Requires A Historical Awareness And Knowing The Man. According To Heidegger, It Must Be Accepted That The Subject Is Not The Initiator of His Thinking; Thinking And Theorizing Is Not Possible in a Vacuum, But Always Within a Historical Tradition Based on Previous Assumptions Lie in This Tradition. The Purpose of This Study is To Decode the Mechanisms affecting The Production of Classy and Disordered Urban Form, The Subjective Function of Consumerism and The Rupture in The Structure of Social Interaction in Shiraz. Flows that are Not Easily Understood and Require Careful Thought - Based Scrutiny. The experience of space is not separate from the text, but implies the theoretical realm and indeed the relation between the quality of idealism and the quality of life.
Methodology
        Every kind of absolute, abstract, math, social, and so on definition of space follows its own methodology. According to the social production of space, the type of research is qualitative and based on the triple dialectic; Perceived Space (Shiraz's economy and market), Conceived space (The laws and structures governing the city), and living space )Shiraz people's will and creativity). In fact, Understanding the space of Shiraz depends on the presence of the phenomenologist (quintuple's senses), the study of the history of thought, including works by thinkers such as Hafez, Hegel, Marx, Schopenhauer, Lefebvre's, Harvey ..., as well as dialogues with the Elites and residents of Shiraz. The method of analyzing the data and documents examined in this study is "Critical Discourse".
Table 1- Appropriate production of housing and unfair distribution in Shiraz
 
Results and Discussion:
        History Does Not Give The Objectivity To The Old Rational Entity in The Man; Rather Provide It In A Coherent Set of Institutions, Groups And Limited Systems of "Law, Family, Morality, City, Trade, Etc." Theoretical approach of this study is based on Henri Lefebvre (1901-1991) theories. Lefebvre argues (1970), Industrial society is seen not as an end in itself but as a preparatory stage for urbanism. Industrialization, he argues, can only find its fulfillment in urbanization, and urbanization is now coming to dominate industrial production and organization. Industrialization, once the producer of urbanism, is now being produced by it. Lefebvre argues (1974), that social space is a social product and also it is political issue. He introduced an epistemological system for the urban which emphasizes Dialectic of space, structural and semiotic analysis along with a critique of urban planning system. To analyze the social space, Lefebvre considers three moments perceived, conceived and lived- and claims that there is a dialectical relation-in Hegelian term- among them; that is, each one try to negate another.
Conclusion:
         This Research Ontology at Examining the Existence of a Social Space Based on the Interconnectedness of Action, History and Time. The conclusions of the present research shows the complete absence of planning to the Shiraz city and it is reduced to map. Moreover the domination of technocrats rather than civil society, reduce social interaction and meditation, lack of tax structure, rental of detailed plan coding, inability to use equitable distribution services and class gaps are from fundamental characteristics of shiraz. Ultimately, the consolidation of map planning in SHIRAZ is the consolidation of poverty traps. According to Table 1, UP to 2017 more than 45 percent of 477916 Households in Shiraz, lived in Tenant Houses. Those that were hit by inflation of 100 percent Increase in housing prices in 2019 and their hopes of becoming a homeowner were lost.
Table 1- Appropriate production of housing and unfair distribution in Shiraz





Residential Units
 in Shiraz City


Home Ownership


Number


percent


Households of
 Shiraz City




472356


Owner


211161


%44.7


477916




Tenant


213651


%45.2




others


47544


%10.1





Source; Statistical Center of Iran, (2017)
Finally in the competition between representation spaces and representations of space, what is left is spatial practices that has continuity as reproducer of government survival. Nevertheless, The Everyday Life Is the Realm of Producing Meanings; a Realm in Which The Individual and Collective Capabilities are Built. By Reaching Such as Cognition, Individuals Become Aware of Their own Issues and Their Community to Make Changes in Their Individual and Collective Lives. Indeed, Representational Spaces, In Contradiction With Unified Laws And Induced Coherence, Reminding The Conceptual and Symbolic Elements, Place Of Enthusiasm, Actions, And Beings, Immediately Refer to Time. in Such a Situation, in Contrast To the Materialist Approach and The Abstract views Based on The Capitalist System, Concrete Explanation Can Be Found in the Context of The Social Space. In article of “the rights to the city, Harvey examines (2003); the creation of a new urban commons, a public sphere of active democratic participation, requires that we roll back that huge wave of privatization that has been the mantra of a destructive neoliberalism. We must imagine a more inclusive, even if continuously fractious, city based not only upon a different ordering of rights but upon different political-economic practices. If our urban world has been imagined and made then it can be re-imagined and re-made. The inalienable right to the city is worth fighting for. `City air makes one free' it used to be said. The air is a bit polluted now. But it can always be cleaned up.

Keywords

• Social Space
• Shiraz
• Detailed Plan
• Poverty
• objective

20.1001.1.22285229.1398.10.39.8.6

---

References

Adam, Sharr, (2007): Heidegger for Architects. Persian translation by R.  Ahmadi Nejhad, (2012), Tahan Publications, Tehran.

Castells, m (1977) :, the urban question, Cambridge, Ma: MIT press.

Farjam, R (2014) :, Spatial Analysis of Urban Mix use Planning and Decline of Central City Division (Case Study; Shiraz), Thesis for Doctoral degree in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Kharazmi, Tehran.

Farnahad Consulting Engineers (2016), Detailed Plan of Shiraz City (District 1 and 6), Municipality of Shiraz, Shiraz.

Frankl, Viktor Emil (2006), Man's Search for Meaning; An Introduction to Logotherapy, Beacon Press, Boston (Originally published in 1946).

Habibi, M (1997) :, DE LA CITE A LA VILLE, Tehran University Publication, Tehran.

Harvey, D. (1978), Labor, capital and class struggle around the built environmental in advanced capitalist urbanization and conflict in market societies, ed. K. r. cox, 9-37. Chicago; Maaroufa press.

Harvey, D. (2003). The right to the city. International journal of urban and regional research, 27(4), 939-941.

Harvey, D., (1973), Social Justice and the City, Translated by Hesamyan,  F, Haeri M. H and Monadyzadeh, B. Publications Urban Planning and Processing Company, Dependent to Tehran Municipality.

Heidegger, Martin, (1927), Being and time. English Translator by J, (1962), Macquarreis, New York. Persian translation by S. jamadi, (2006), Qoqnoos Publications, Tehran.

Hosouri, A. (2010), Hafiz from a different View Point, CHESHMEH Publication, Tehran.

https://data.oecd.org/tax/tax-on-property.htm

https://esup.shiraz.ir

Institute Of Social Research And Studies, University of Tehran (1973), Shiraz Master Plan, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Tehran.

Iranian High council of Urban Development and architectural (2010), Researcher Plan For Detailed Definitions and Concepts of Urban Land Use and Their Per Capita Determination, Tehran. 

Statistical Center of Iran, (2012, 2017), the Result of Public Census of Housing and Population, Tehran. (www.amar.org.ir).

Lefebvre, H (1992), Rhythm analysis; Space, Time and Everyday Life. English Translation by E, Stuart and G Moore, (2004), NewYork & London: Continuum. Persian translation by Torkameh, A. and Modiri, A, (2015), New ROKHDAD Publications, Tehran.

Lefebvre, H. (1970). The Urban Revolution. Translation by R. Bononno, (2003), University of Minnesota press.

Lefebvre, H. (1974). The Production of Space. English translation by D.  Nicholson-Smith, (1991), Blackwell Publications, Cambridge. Persian translation, M.  Abdolazade, (2016), Municipality of Tehran Publications, Tehran.

Lefebvre, H. (1996), Writings on cities, Oxford, Blackwell 63-181.

Maab Consulting Engineers (2016), Detailed Plan of Shiraz City (District 3 and 7), Municipality of Shiraz, Shiraz.

 Naghshmoheet Consulting Engineers (2016), Detailed Plan of Shiraz City (District 4), Municipality of Shiraz, Shiraz.

Pardaraz Consulting Engineers (2016), Detailed Plan of Shiraz City (District 2), Municipality of Shiraz, Shiraz.

Pars Naghs Consulting Engineers (2016), Detailed Plan of five Region of Shiraz City, Municipality of Shiraz, Shiraz.

Rahnomaiy, M, T. (2009), Theory of Government and urbanization in Iran, Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, vol. 1, PP. 143- 165.

Schopenhauer, A. (1851), Aphorismen Zur Lebensweisheit, Insel Taschenbuch, Frankfurt/M. Persian translation by M. Mobasheri, (2010), Nilofar Publications, Tehran.

Shaghaghi, P. (2016), The right to the city; Rereading the linkage between rights and space in the Iranian city, Journal of Haft Shahr, VOL 4. No 49, PP; 132-145.

Shields, r (2000), Lefebvre, love and struggle, London, Rutledge.

SHRHR-O-KHANE Consulting Engineers, (2010), Shiraz City Master Plan, Department of Housing and Urban Development in fars, shiraz.

Soja, E. W. (1989), postmodern geographies, the reassertion of space in critical social theory, verso, second impression, London- New York.

Soja, E. W. (1996). Thirdspace: Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-and-Imagined Places. Massachusetts: Blackwell.

Mendieta, E. (2001), ‘Invisible cities: a phenomenology of globalization from below’ , City 5(1) pp 7-26.

Office for national statistics (GB), (2017), Household expenditure by countries and regions, uk: Table A33. (https; //www.ons.gov.uk).

Zieleniec, A. (2007), Space and Social Theory, SAGE Publications. Persian translation by A.  Torkame, (2017), Science and Catcher Publications, Tehran.