نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دانشگاه ازاد ملایر
2 گروه دانشگاه ازاد ملایر
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Walking is one of the main components of the urban transportation system. In developing countries, little attention has been paid to this issue. Therefore, like other components of the urban transportation system, serious attention should be paid to walking and its problems. Appropriate solutions should be provided to organize the space for walking in the city and the neighborhood, which is more important than providing the necessary safety. The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between walking rate with emphasis on neighborhood-based planning and anxiety symptoms of Tuyserkan citizens. The statistical population of the study is all residents of Tuyserkan neighborhoods. And the research method is practical and 23spss software has been used to analyze the data. . In order to perform sampling, cluster random sampling method was used. Finally, using Cochran's formula and screening stage, according to the conditions of entering the study on experiments, which included the necessary scores in the general health test and non-implementation of research with Considering the probability of falling 30 people was calculated as the sample size. Therefore, 30 residents with the above conditions who were living in Tuyserkan city in 1397-1396 were selected by accident, 15 people were in the experimental group and 15 were in the control group. According to data analysis and test hypotheses, the research was determined. And the results of the statistical population survey of the residents of Tuyserkan neighborhoods with regard to walking and emphasis on neighborhood-based planning have an effect on reducing "anxiety symptoms" (the effect size is about 59%)
Extended Abstract
Introduction:
As many cities have attempted to develop programs and perspectives for the development of pedestrian networks at different time scales, especially with the perspective of the 21st century (Nasiri.2002: 44). Doing these two sports activities, in addition to the conditions of competition and competition, relaxes the mind, calms the nerves and reduces stress and anxiety thanks to the production of endorphins or the hormone of happiness. (Bagheri.2009: 98) However, urban space can be related to the health of citizens with neighborhood-centered planning and other urban factors. Among these land use factors are how to design, plan, manage, and to achieve goals. Available. (Approx.2004: 17) Walking in today's world is the best activity and the most natural exercise for physical and mental fitness. Walking is a fun and safe sport that is available to everyone and can be performed anywhere and anytime. (Mortazavi.2011: 17) The program is based on the level of physical fitness of people with the ultimate goal of 3,200 meters in Half an hour with a heart rate increase of 120 to 130 beats per minute can be different (Kashani.2010: 65) For example, the issue of safety after stopping activities, especially on footpaths at night, is important because some of these routes are the only way for pedestrians to move to other parts of the city, especially for locals. (kashanijoo.2010: 39) Is there a significant relationship between walking rate with emphasis on neighborhood-based planning and the scale of anxiety and depression symptoms of Tuyserkan citizens? Also, to encourage more people to walk along the route instead of using the car, Tuyserkan City Council will produce a color map similar to the metro map for pedestrians in the city. (Fahim.2013: 12) There is a relationship between walking level with emphasis on neighborhood-centered planning and the scale of anxiety and depression symptoms of Tuyserkan citizens. Literature and study records and the information obtained in the study of the subject are complementary to the research. In addition, the researcher becomes more knowledgeable about the subject matter and his / her knowledge about the subject is added. At present, there are not many books, articles and researches in this field and only the following records can be mentioned: Rudabeh Farhadi's doctoral dissertation (1796) entitled "Evaluation of a healthy city project and providing an optimal model". Mohammad Janbabanjad's Master's Letter (1798) A Comparative Study of Urban Development Systems Nasser Fakuhi (2013) Qualitative Evaluation of Urban Walking in Iranian Cities Sample of Bu Ali Walk in Hamadan Article Shahrokh Mobhn (2013) Shahbazi Taheri (2017) Rasht-e-Mohammadi 2015) Evaluation of pedestrian capability by emphasizing the neoliberal approach of the article Abolfazl Ghazaleh Robotics (2017) The role of walking on improving the identity of citizens of Islamic urban space Sample Ferdowsi St. The Impact of Neighborhood Orientation on the Residential Satisfaction of Chandz Neighborhood Rezazadeh Razieh (2014).
Methodology:
In order to analyze the information as well as the hypothesis test, after entering the data in the SPSS-23 statistical software, the steps were performed in two stages. With 23 spss software, first, descriptive statistics, frequency distribution tables, central indicators and scattering indicators are obtained using descriptive statistics, and the Clemogroff-Smirnov statistical test was used to investigate the natural distribution of data. Then, to discover the relationships between the variables, the statistical test of regression and analysis of covariance were used for predictive variables. The present study is a practical research in terms of purpose and in terms of method is a semi-experimental research with a pre-test design - after the test with the control group. Experimental research is used in the field of humanities, etc. Random cluster sampling was used to perform the sampling. The sample group was selected in such a way that first a list of all neighborhoods and the number of households living in the neighborhoods was prepared (Population and Housing Statistics: 2018). (At the time of the study, out of 1,098 people in 14 neighborhoods, 5 neighborhoods with 165 people were reported to be suitable for this study. Screening was calculated based on the conditions for entering the study on the subjects, which included the necessary scores in the general health test and the non-implementation of the research, taking into account the probability of 30 people falling as a sample size. Therefore, 30 residents with the above conditions who were living in Tuyserkan city in 1397-1396 were selected by accident, 15 people were in the experimental group and 15 were in the control group. According to data analysis and test hypothesis, the research hypothesis was determined.
Results and discussion:
In this section, first, descriptive statistics related to the scores of public health variables and then the components of each, are divided into two stages: pre-test, post-test and two groups of testing and control.
Table 1: Descriptive statistics of general health scores by pre- and post-test scores and experimental and control groups
group
Variables
Pre-test
After the test
n
X
SD
n
X
SD
the experiment
general health
15
90/87
4/24
15
80/40
6/28
Control
general health
15
88/07
3/88
15
88/73
4/71
(Source: by the author)
The data in Table 1 show that the average general health scores in the experimental group decreased from 90.87 in the pre-test to 80.40 in the posttest. The rate of decrease in scores is 10.47 and the standard deviation of scores is 4.24 and 6.28, respectively. The average score increased from 88.7 in the pre-test to 88.73 in the post-test. The increase rate is 0.66 and the standard deviation of the scores is 3.88 and 4.71, respectively.
Homogeneity of regression slopes:
Table 2: Analysis of variance to check the homogeneity of regression slope lines of general health scores between the experimental group and the control group
The source of the effects
SS
df
MS
F
P
Group × Pre-test, general health
0/858
1
0/858
0/053
0/820
Error
423/87
26
16/30
Total
215929
30
-
(Source: by the author)
The information in Table 2 shows that the significance level of the F value obtained on the difference between the slope of the regression lines of the pre-test and post-test scores of general health between the experimental and control groups was higher than 0.05 (P <0.05). >) Therefore, the slope of the regression lines of these scores is not significantly different between the groups and the assumption of homogeneity of regression slopes is confirmed.
Multivariate test results:
There is a significant relationship between the level of walking with emphasis on neighborhood-based planning and the scale of anxiety symptoms and sleep disorders of Tuyserkan citizens to find out that there is a significant difference between the components of general health between individuals in the two groups. A variable covariance is presented as follows.
Table 3: The results of a variable covariance analysis on the components of the general health component
Component of public health
group
n
X
SE
F
df
P
η2
Anxiety symptoms
experiment
15
19/18
0/45
33/786
1,24
0/001
0/585
Control
5
23/08
0/45
(Source: by the author)
Based on the information in Table 9, it can be seen that the adjusted average score of the components of anxiety symptoms in the experimental group is lower than the control group. The average adjusted score for the "anxiety symptoms" component in the experimental group was 19.18, but in the control group it was 23.08
To investigate the significance of the difference between the obtained means, the analysis of univariate covariance was performed and the results are shown in Table 9. According to the results of covariance analysis in Table 9, the significance level of the obtained F values for the difference between the mean score of the "anxiety symptoms" component is lower than 0.05 (P <0.05), so the walk is emphasized. Neighborhood-based planning is effective in reducing this component in subjects and has a significant effect on reducing the component of "anxiety symptoms".
Conclusion:
It can be said that the morning walk based morning walk as a aerobic exercise on cardiovascular as well as the respiratory and hormonal system,causes mental tranquility in humans.
there isasignificant relationship between pedestrian based planning and the scale of anxiety symptoms and sleep disorder of citizens .
According to the results of covariance analysis, it is observed that the significance level of the obtained F values for the mean difference between the components of the "anxiety symptoms" component is lower than 0.05 (P <0.05); therefore, the implementation Emphasis on neighborhood-based planning is effective in reducing this component in subjects and has a significant effect on reducing the component of "anxiety symptoms".
Compared to previous research, it can be said that these results are in line with research findingsSeek Happiness(2010) Habibi(2009)Ahmadi et ai(2006) Adams et al(2007)this research conducted by research Ellison et al(2005).
. The two are the most powerful and economical. In explaining these results, it can be said that exercise is one of the most effective and effective ways to get rid of acne and acne scars and acne scars.
Bahonardar Street in Tuyserkan from Imam Square to Velayat Street and Enghelab Street from Imam Square to Shahrdari and Shohada Street from Imam Taser Square to Chahar Hafez and Shariati Street from Imam Square to the lower four quarters of the neighborhood should be closed to prevent pedestrians from entering the sidewalk. This section is focused.
Image Desired walking plan: (Source: by the author)
new urbanism patterns and design of residential communities, such as new urbanism and design, based on public transportation network and residential neighborhoods, quality of repair shops, resident 's emotional convenience, resident' s emotional convenience, rapid access to various local purposes, and quality of pedestrian ways to improve the health of residents.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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