بازشناسی اصول ایجاد حس معنویت در بافت پیرامون فضاهای مذهبی در شهر شیراز با تکیه بر مفهوم سلسله مراتب

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

• فاطمه عماد ¹
• خسرو موحد ²
• ملیحه تقی پور ³
• علی اکبر حیدری ⁴

¹ دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

² دانشیار معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

³ استادیار معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

⁴ استادیار معماری، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

10.30495/jupm.2021.26667.3707

چکیده

یکی از مفاهیمی که در ساختار فضایی و کالبدی شهرهای معاصر بسیار کم رنگ شده ، مفهوم سلسله مراتب است. این مفهوم که برگرفته از مبانی فلسفی و عرفان اسلامی است، از جمله عواملی است که می تواند باعث القای حس معنویت و قداست در مکان ها گردد. بنابراین شناخت بن مایه های حس معنویت از طریق مفهوم سلسله مراتب و استفاده از آن ها در برنامه ریزی فضایی شهر شیراز، هدفی است که این پژوهش در پی دستیابی به آن است. با این توضیح تحقیق حاضر در پی تحلیل نقش مفهوم سلسله مراتب در شکل گیری بن مایه های حس معنویت در بافت پیرامون فضاهای مذهبی است. در این پژوهش، حس معنویت در بافت پیرامون فضاهای مذهبی متغیر مستقل و انواع سلسله مراتب به عنوان متغیر وابسته مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. روش مورد استفاده در این تحقیق از نوع توصیفی – تحلیلی مبنی بر مطالعات کتابخانه ای و پژوهش میدانی است که در بخش مبانی نظری با تکیه بر اسناد موجود، به استخراج بن مایه های حس معنویت پرداخته و در بخش میدانی با استفاده از پرسش نامه مستخرج از بخش نظری، به تحلیل میزان و چگونگی نمود بن مایه های حس معنویت بر اساس سلسله مراتب موجود در بافت پیرامون فضاهای مذهبی پرداخته است. نمونه های موردی در این تحقیق، بافت پیرامون آستان مقدس شاه چراغ، مسجد صاحب الزمان و حسینیه ثارالله در شهر شیراز و جامعه آماری 15 نفر از استفاده کنندگان هر یک از این بافت ها است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که بن‌مایه‌های جهت‌گیری، گذرگاه و نظم هندسی بیشترین تاثیر را در شکل گیری احساس حس معنویت در بافت پیرامون فضاهای مذهبی بر عهده دارند که این نتیجه می تواند در طراحی فضاهای شهری به ویژه بافت پیرامون فضاهای مذهبی در شهرها مورد توجه طراحان و برنامه ریزان قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• سلسله‌مراتب
• حس معنویت
• مسجد
• امامزاده
• حسینیه

20.1001.1.22285229.1401.13.49.13.2

---

عنوان مقاله [English]

Recognizing the principles of creating a sense of spirituality in the context of religious spaces in the city of Shiraz based on the concept of hierarchy

نویسندگان [English]

• Fatemeh Emad ¹
• Khosro Movahed ²
• Malihe Taghipour ³
• ali akbar heidari ⁴

¹ Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.

² Associate Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.

³ Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.

⁴ Assistant Professor of Architecture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran..

چکیده [English]

One of the concepts that has faded in the spatial and physical structure of contemporary cities is the concept of hierarchy. This concept, which is derived from the philosophical foundations and Islamic mysticism, is one of the factors that can induce a sense of spirituality and holiness in places. Therefore, recognizing the basics of spirituality through the concept of hierarchy and using them in spatial planning of Shiraz is a goal that this research seeks to achieve. With this explanation, the present study seeks to analyze the role of the concept of hierarchy in the formation of the foundations of a sense of spirituality in the context of religious spaces. In this study, the sense of spirituality in the context of religious spaces is examined as an independent variable and types of hierarchy as dependent variables. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical based on library studies and field research. The theoretical part has analyzed the extent and manner of expression of the themes of spirituality based on the hierarchy in the context of religious spaces. Case examples in this research are the texture around the holy shrine of Shah Cheragh, Sahib Al-Zaman Mosque and Sarollah Hosseinieh in Shiraz and the statistical population of 15 users of each of these textures. The results showed that the principles of orientation, passage and geometric order have the greatest impact on the formation of a sense of spirituality in the context of religious spaces, which can be used in the design of urban spaces, especially the context of religious spaces in cities Planners to be placed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Hierarchy
• sense of spirituality
• mosque
• Imamzadeh
• Hosseinieh

مراجع

1. Anagheh, A., Mahmoudian, H., Saberizadeh, R., The manifestation of mysticism in mosque architecture, Islamic Mysticism Quarterly, No. 33, pp. 159-188.
2. Ardalan, N, Bakhtiar, L, (2001), Sense of Unity: Mystical Tradition in Iranian Architecture, translated by Hamid Shahrokh, Khak Publishing, Isfahan.
3. Azadi, M., Taghipour, M., (2017). Comparison of spatial-functional structure of Isfahan Imam Mosque and Vakil Mosque in Shiraz. Journal of Islamic Architectural Research, 5 (1): 105-123.
4. Bahraini, Seyed Hossein, (2013), Urban Design Process, Printing and Publishing Institute, University of Tehran: Tehran.
5. Bemanian, M., Pourjafar, M., Ahmadi, F., Sadeghi, A., (2010) Re-reading of spiritual identity and sacred ideas in Shiite mosques, Journal of Shiite Studies, No. 70, pp. 30-37.
6. Bemanian, M., Silvayeh, S., (2012), A Study of the Role of the Dome in Shaping the Architecture Center of the Mosque, Armanshahr Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, No. 9, pp. 19-30.
7. Bookhart, T., (2008), Fundamentals of Islamic Art, translated by Amir Nasri, Haghighat Publishing, Tehran.
8. Ching, F, (2015), The Alphabet of Architecture, translated by Ali Yaran, Tehran University Press: Tehran.
9. Eliyadeh, M., (1993), A treatise on the history of religions, translated by Jalal Sattari, Soroush, Tehran.
10. Groter, Y., (2007), Aesthetics in Architecture, translated by Javanshah Pakzad, Turan, third edition, Shadid Beheshti University.
11. Haji Ghasemi, K, (2015), Treasure: Culture of Islamic Architecture, Shahid Beheshti University Press, Tehran.
12. Heidari, A., Ghasemiyan, A., (2019), Analysis of the concept of contentment in the pattern of traditional Iranian houses (Case study: Mortaz House in Yazd), Quarterly Journal of Islamic Architecture Research, No. 23, Year 7, Summer, p.108 -87.
13. Imam Jomehzadeh, J, Mahmoudi Raja, Z, Siraj, AS, (2015), A Comparative Study of the Application of the Globalization Paradigm of Culture and Religious Worldview on Organizing Human Life with Emphasis on Razavi Education, Razavi Culture, Fourth Year No. 15, Fall, 227-193.
14. Irfan, H. (1997), A Collection of Studies on Mosque Architecture, Proceedings of the Mosque Architecture Conference, Volume One, Isfahan: University of Arts Publications.
15. Lotfi, p. , Hariri, G, Shahabi Shahmiri, M. (2016). Investigating the Role of Perceptual Odor and Hearing Expectations in Urban Design and Planning, Case Study: Babol. Armanshahr Architecture and Urban Planning, No. 17, 365-373.
16. Mays, P., (2004), A look at the basics of architecture from form to place with analysis and comparison with the basics of Iranian architecture, translated and suspended by Simon Ayvazian, Tehran University Press: Tehran.
17. Mehdi Nejad, J, Azmati, H., Sadeghi Habibabad, A., (2018). Ranking of indicators of spiritual peace in the architecture of traditional mosques based on the perception of "sense of spirituality" using the "VIKOR" method. Ontological Research (14): 59-82.
18. Mehdi Nejad, J, Azmati, H., Sadeghi Habibabad, A., (2018). Study and re-reading of the effective components on the promotion of "sense of spirituality" in mosque architecture, architecture and sustainable urban planning, Volume 6, Number 1: 78-61.
19. Memarian, Gh., Ghaffari, A., Gholizadeh, F. (2017), An analysis of the classification parameters of historical mosques in Tabriz. Culture of Islamic Architecture and Urban Planning, 3 (1): 43-64.
20. Moin, (1975), Moin Dictionary.
21. Motahari Elhami, M. , (2003), Art - Mysticism - Music, Fine Arts Research, University of Tehran, 15.
22. Naghizadeh, (1998), Article on the Attributes of the Islamic City and Urban Planning (Basics of Nature), Rahian Publications, Isfahan.
23. Naghizadeh, M., Aminzadeh, B, (2000), The relationship between "meaning" and "face" in explaining the basics of art, Winter, No. 8, 16-32.
24. Navai, K, Haji Ghasemi, K, (2011), Clay and Imagination, Soroush Publications, Tehran.
25. Noghrekar, A, Hamzeh Nejad, M., Ranjbar Kermani, A, (2008). An Introduction to Islamic Identity in Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran: Ministry of Housing Publications. Page: 911.
26. Pope, A., (2009), Iranian Architecture, translated by Gholam Hossein Sadri Afshar, Akhtaran Publishing, Tehran.
27. Rezvani, N, Behzadfar, M, Habibi, K, (2017). Evaluation of historical contexts based on the norm of sense of belonging to a place (study sample: Sarcheshmeh neighborhood of Gorgan), Journal of Urban Research and Planning, Volume 8, Number 29, Summer: 42-23.
28. Rodrigues, T, (2008), The Sacred in Architecture: A Study of the Presence and Quality of Place-making Patterns in Sacred and Secular Buildings, Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Phillip J. Tabb, M. Arch. Texas A&M University.
29. Saheb Mohammadian, M., (2007), The Hierarchy of Confidentiality in Iranian Mosques, Journal of Fine Arts, Volume, Number 29, Spring.
30. Tabibian, M., Charbogoo, N., Abdollahi Mehr, A., (2011), Reflection of the principle of hierarchy in Iranian-Islamic cities, Journal, Volume 4, Number 7, Autumn and Winter.
31. Yavari Klor, M., Rahbari Pour, K., (2012), Sacred Beauty in Islamic Architecture (A Study of the Manifestation of the Sacred in Islamic Architecture), The First National Conference on New Thoughts and Technologies in Architecture, Tabriz.
32. Zare, AS, Rezaei, M, Laghai, H, (2019). Explaining the effective components on improving the environmental quality in the historical context of cities (Case study: the historical context of Shiraz). Journal of Urban Research and Planning, Volume 10, Number 38, Fall: 12-1.
33. Zolfagharzadeh, H., Zarkesh, N., (2016), Exploration on the principle of hierarchy in Islamic architecture and folding, Fourth International Congress of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Development, Tehran, Permanent Secretariat of the Conference, Shahid Beheshti University.