تحلیل ارتباط فضایی بین پوشش گیاهی با توزیع ازون سطحی با تأکید بر نقش پیش‌عنصریِ ایزوپرن در مناطق مختلف کلانشهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار اقلیم‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

2 دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد مخاطرات محیطی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

چکیده

انتشار ایزوپرن از گیاهان به عنوان بزرگترین منبع شناخته شده در جهان از ترکیبات آلی فرار غیر متان است که نشان دهندۀ انتقال مستقیم کربن و نشانۀ واکنش گیاهان در برابر جوّ است. برآورد شده که بیش از 90 درصد انتشار ایزوپرن از گیاهان در ساعات اوج فوتوسنتز (11 تا 20) است. با توجه به اینکه ایزوپرن، پیش آلایندۀ ازون است و اثر مستقیم آن در انتشار ازون بیشتر در زیست سپهر مشخص می شود؛ شناسایی مناطق مولد این پیش آلاینده در مناطق دارای پوشش گیاهی از طریق پایش داده‌های ازون تروپوسفری، هدف اصلی این پژوهش است. داده های ازون از ایستگاه های سنجش آلودگی هوا و ایستگاه های پایش سازمان محیط زیست از سال 2002 تا 2018 تهیه و پس از تولید نقشۀ NDVI شهر تهران، تجزیه و تحلیل مبتنی بر روش همبستگی بین متغیرها انجام گردید. نتایج نشان داد از ساعت 11 تا 20 در مناطقی که شاخص پوشش گیاهی در شعاع یک کیلومتری هر ایستگاه بیشتر باشد، میزان ازون انتشار یافته نیز بیشتر است و ارتباط معناداری بین این دو وجود دارد که حاکی از تولید ایزوپرن توسط گونه های غالب درختی و درختچه ای در اینگونه مناطق است. ایزوپرن عمدتاً از درختانی با رشد سریع مانند صنوبر، بید، اوکالیپتوس، اقاقیا، چنار و ... تولید می‌شود که می تواند موجب تشدید آلودگی ازون در سطح زمین شود؛ لذا به شهرداری های مناطق مختلف کلانشهر تهران توصیه می شود قبل از توسعۀ فضای سبز جدیدی، شناسایی دقیق گونۀ متناسب با محیط زیست شهری و اثر آلایندگی آنها به صورت کاملا علمی صورت گیرد و در صورت ضرورت، حتی الامکان کاشت اینگونه درختان در مناطقی صورت پذیرد که در معرض شرایط کاتالیزور تولید ایزوپرن قرار نداشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of spatial relationship between vegetation and surface ozone distribution with emphasis on the precursor role of isoprene in different areas of Tehran metropolis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sadegh Karimi 1
  • Hossein Ghazanfarpour 2
  • Maryam Firozi 3
1 Associate Professor of Climatology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Geography & Urban Planning, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
3 Master of Environmental Hazards, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The release of isoprene from plants is the largest known source of non-methane volatile organic compounds in the world, indicating a direct transfer of carbon and a reaction of plants to the atmosphere. It is estimated that more than 90% of isoprene emissions from plants occur during peak hours of photosynthesis (11 to 20). Given that isoprene is an ozone precursor and its direct effect on ozone release is further determined in the biosphere; the main purpose of this study is to identify the generating areas of this pre-pollutant in vegetated areas by monitoring tropospheric ozone data. Ozone data were prepared from air pollution measuring stations and monitoring stations of the Environment Organization from 2002 to 2018, and after producing the NDVI map of Tehran, an analysis based on the correlation method between variables was performed. The results showed that from 11 to 20 o'clock in areas where the vegetation index is higher within a radius of one kilometer of each station, the amount of emitted ozone is higher and there is a significant relationship between the two, indicating the production of isoprene by the dominant tree and shrub species. در is in such areas. Isoprene is mainly produced from fast-growing trees such as spruce, willow, eucalyptus, acacia, sycamore, etc., which can increase ozone pollution in the earth's surface; Therefore, before developing a new green space, the municipalities of different areas of Tehran metropolis are recommended to accurately identify the species suitable for the urban environment and the effect of their pollution in a completely scientific manner and, if necessary, plant such trees in some areas. Assume that they are not exposed to isoprene production catalyst conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Isoprene
  • Air Pollution
  • Ozone
  • Vegetation
  • NDVI
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